As time progressed, his pain intensity increased. Worried about the situation, he consulted an orthopedic surgeon. Along with physical examination, the doctor asked for his medical history. He was taking steroids for a chronic skin infection. The doctor advised him to take the X-ray of his right hip. As the doctor suspected, he had Avascular Necrosis (AVN) in the right hip.

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Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a bone disease occurring when bone does not receive blood. In absence of blood supply bone dies resulting in bone deformity and collapse. It's a common condition seen frequently in young adults in the age group of 20-40 years. Males are more prone to it compared to females with an observed male to female ratio of 5:1. AVN could be due to trauma such as fracture or dislocation of the bone. However, it can also occur due to non-traumatic reasons including excess steroid intake, alcohol abuse, etc.

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Data confirms that every year more than tens of thousands of patients are diagnosed with Avascular Necrosis (AVN) in India & 50% of the Total Hip Replacement Surgeries in India are performed due to the breakdown of the hip joint caused by Avascular Necrosis. AVN mostly affects the Hip Joint of males between the age group of 21 to 50 years.

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Urethral strictures involve scarring of tissue in the urethra and restricts or obstructs the flow of urine. Narrowing or a block in the urethra arises due to trauma, damage to the urethral lining from previous surgeries, inflammation of the urethra, urethral infection, cancer of the urethra or prostrate. Symptoms of urethral strictures are very serious and can be devastating to the patient.

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Cartilage is the main type of connective tissue in the body which is tough and flexible. Around 65–80% of cartilage is water and the rest is a gel-like substance called the ‘matrix’ that gives it its form and function. Cartilage is mostly found in the joints like shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle as well as in the rib cage, ear, nose, throat and, between vertebral disks.

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The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body and provides physical support for the organ systems.Bone is a rigid tissue that carries out a myriad of functions in our body. Apart from supportive functions, blood cell production, storage of important minerals andendocrineregulation takes place in the bone.

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